In 1939, Reuben Fine, who had won the AVRO tournament the year before, edited MCO. Sergeant and Maurice Edward Goldstein providing revisions starting with the fourth edition in 1925. Editions through at least 1946 continued to be attributed to Griffith and White, with P. The first three editions (1911, 1913, and 1916) were the work of Griffith (who won the 1912 British Championship) and White, with an introduction by Henry Ernest Atkins. In 1977, Harry Golombek said "The work became popular at once and for over forty years was regarded as the main book on the openings throughout the world."
Early editions were small enough to fit in a pocket (the first edition was 190 pages), but later editions grew and the fifteenth and most recent version is 768 pages. MCO was popular with English-speaking players and has continued to be updated throughout the 20th century and into the 21st, with fifteen editions from 1911 through 2008. Lastly, commentary on the Internet Chess Club was also a source of ideas.Although Bilguer's Handbuch des Schachspiels was more authoritative at the time MCO was first published, it was last published between 19, and was becoming outdated by the 1930s. Other important sources were the many books on specific chess openings along with magazines, especially Chess Life and New in Chess. These were analyzed (sometimes by the players themselves) and checked with a computer program. MCO 15 was compiled from many source materials - the most important of which were the raw games of the top players from many, many tournaments around the world. The human grandmasters provide the plan, while the computer checks the variations for tactical accuracy. Established theory of chess openings is often the result of collaborative work between humans and computers. Computers well surpass their human counterparts in raw calculation and have the advantage that they never overlook a tactical opportunity. Human players are better at strategic thinking, planning, and imagination in chess. The best programs are on a par with the world`s best players. This first edition of the twenty-first century reflects the advances that have been made in the openings along with the fundamental change brought on by the great progress of computer chess programs. The previous edition, MCO-14, was written in 1999. Some pages are densely packed and reflect the current focus on these openings, while others are less dense and more suitable for beginners. The best play (in the light of present knowledge) is usually the main variation, and sidelines are either clever traps and tricks that are useful to know, interesting but little tested plans, or enticing mistaken strategies along with their refutations. The major content of the book is the tables and notes of chess variations. The chapter introductions give an overview of the strategic concepts and some historical information. It is divided into six sections of major openings groups, each section containing chapters on the specific openings (or major variations of the openings). This book endeavours to give the reader a clear and concise presentation of whichever chess opening he or she chooses. Chess theory has developed immensely since then and continues to change every year as the world`s best players constantly find new strategies.
Notable were the sixth and tenth editions, excellent works by Fine and Evans (respectively) which helped earn this book the nickname ``The Chess Player`s Bible.`` The first edition was a much smaller book, with shorter chess variations. Subsequent editions were written or edited by others as the tradition passed down.
It has been the standard English language work on openings for almost a century - the first edition came out in 1911, written by Griffith and White. Modern Chess Openings (MCO) is a one-volume reference book covering all the chess openings. This latest updated edition is an indispensable reference work for club and tournament players. Covering every standard line of play, it provides the distilled essence of contemporary opening theory. It is the most comprehensive single-volume work on the openings. This book has been the standard reference work on chess openings for more than half a century, and has been called `the chess player`s bible`.
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